Different types of reasoning allow us to have different kinds of effect on individuals with the way we reason.
1. Reasoning by analogy draws conclusions from comparing similar things when it is part of an argument. If one thing is one way with the other thing, the same should be for objects of a similar relationship.
Example: Premise #1: My friends all sing.
Premise#2: My sisters all sing.
Conclusion: Everyone I know are singers.
2. Sign reasoning is similar to judging a book by its cover because it draws conclusions due to appearance or other indicators.
Example: Parent: You have to be home tonight to do the dishes.
Child: I can’t tonight I have work all day.
Parent: All right, just make sure it’s clean by lunch tomorrow.
Child: Okay, I’ll do it in the morning.
3. Causal reasoning uses cause and effect.
Example: Premise #1: I woke up late for school.
Premise#2: I did not have time to eat breakfast this morning.
Conclusion: I was hungry all morning after arriving late to school.
4. Reasoning by criteria uses established criteria for future conclusions.
Example: Your big sister would want something meaningful and thoughtful. You should make her something.
5. Reasoning by example uses other valid examples for arguments.
Example: Ron practices dancing everyday. If you want to dance as well as Ron you should practice more.
6. Inductive reasoning uses past observations to make
conclusions or generalizations, with the probability that it is could be false.
Example: Premise #1: Dance practice is on Tuesdays.
Premise#2: Today is Monday.
Conclusion: There is no dance practice tonight.
7. Deductive reasoning is the opposite of inductive reasoning in that it uses generalizations for specific claims.
Example: Premise #1: There are many attractions in
Disneyland.
Premise#2: The World of Color shows at night.
Conclusion: The Word of Color is one of the many attractions at Disneyland.
You did an excellent job providing the definition of the different types of reasoning we used. I am also glad to see the variety of examples you provided in order to clear up confusion regarding some of the types of reasoning. I personally had difficulty understanding the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning. I saw that you mentioned that inductive reasoning uses past observations to make conclusions. We can also state in regards to inductive reasoning that it involves conclusions from a specific case. I also agree with your definition of deductive reasoning on how it uses generalizations for specific claims stated.
ReplyDeleteGood job with explaining the main concepts in chapter 12. The way you explained reasoning by analogy was very helpful and your examples were very accurate regarding reasoning by analogy. The way you explained sign reasoning was very good and it helped me understand the concept a lot better. The way you explained it as judging a book by its cover is a very good example and something that I did not think of. Your casual reasoning examples were very good as well and helpful. Reasoning by criteria was a difficult concept for me and the way you explained it seemed like it was easy for you. Great job
ReplyDeleteIn spacing out the different types of reasoning available, I was able to differentiate what was what and that made it easier on my eyes. Referring to the examples, reasoning by analogy was a good example because you presume that your friends and and your sisters sing, so everyone you know sings. Same goes with my dog and other dogs, if my dog barks, and other people's dog barks, then all dogs bark. Cause and effect example was also spot on, if you woke up late, then you didn't have time to eat, then you were hungry when you were at school. The inductive reasoning was also apparently understandable. If dance practice is on tuesday and it is monday then there's no dance practice. Unless there's a holiday on tuesday then there's no dance practice on tuesday as well. The examples provided have allowed me to understand the view of reasoning.
ReplyDeleteI really like how you formatted your blog. Not only did you give examples (which were really good by the way), but you also gave a step by step (or what seemed to be a step by step) outline by showing what the premise was and what the conclusion was. I think that this was a very helpful tool because it shows people what needs to be put into making a certain argument based off of a certain type of reasoning. your blog really shows that it seems like you put a lot of time and effort into it and it turned out great!
ReplyDelete